Jane Austen s Novel And True Classic Sense And Sensibility

There are many authors whose works are considered to be classics; perhaps the most influential is Jane Austen. Jane Austen wrote six novels, that in today’s world, we call classics. Her first novel and true classic Sense and Sensibility, was published in 1811 at a time when the world was just starting to write full length novels. Though Jane Austen only lived to be forty-one, she contributed much too modern literature; such as being one of the first major authors to make use of the three volume novel, and to use chapters within the volumes (Sweeton). One of the many reasons as to why Jane Austen’s novels are considered classics is due to the fact that she wrote about real social and financial issues of the day; however, financial and social issues are timeless, therefore they are still relevant in today’s world. As one follows along with the Dashwood sisters in Sense and Sensibility, we see how the title of the story is very fitting; by providing one sister with ‘sense’ and the other with ‘sensibility,’ the story has two different dynamics that create a timeless classic. Born in 1775, Jane Austen grew up in a time when the dynamics of the world were constantly changing. Jane Austen was born in Steventon a village of Hampshire England, to a large family that consisted of seven other children (Jane Austen). Having an interest in writing since a young age, one of her first works of writing was a novella titled Lady Susan, a story written in epistle form (which means as aShow MoreRelatedJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1035 Words   |  5 PagesThe novel Pride and Prejudice was written by Jan Austen and first published in 1813. She had begun writing it in about 1796 after spending some time with her brother and his wife in Goodnestone Park. The book was first titled First Impressions but was renamed after a bookseller refused to see the manuscript. The genre of this novel is best described as a satire or novel of manners. The main character is Elizabeth Bennet and it follows her on her journey to understand manners, marriage, mortalityRead MoreLizzy or Emma - A Critique of Jane Austens Heroines Essay2237 Words   |  9 Pages42 years Jane Austen’s (1775- 1817) view of the world was genial and kindly. She had a clear sighted vision of the world where she amused herself with other’s foibles and self - deception, gave love to those who deserve to be loved and most certainly gave a light hearted satirical view of the society. Marilyn Butler in her book Jane Austen writes that, â€Å"Jane had the happiness of temper that never required to be commanded. Cassandra, who knew her best, received letters in which Jane sounded dissatisfiedRead More The roles of pride and prejudice in Pride and Prejudice1404 Words   |  6 PagesBecoming an immediate success in the contemporary novel public in early nineteenth century, Pride and Prejudice has proved to be the most popular of Jane Austens novels and remains a classic masterpiece two centuries later. The title itself describes the underlying theme of the book. Pride and prejudice, intimately related in the novel, serve as challenges to the cherished love story of Darcy and Elizabeth. It is interesting to see how these two nice people were blinded before realizing that theyRead MoreWomens Role in Society in Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen2716 Words   |  11 Pages Over the centuries, women’s duties or roles in the home and in the work force have argu ably changed for the better. In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen teaches the reader about reputation and loves in the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries by showing how Elizabeth shows up in a muddy dress, declines a marriage proposal and how women have changed over time. Anything a woman does is reflected on her future and how other people look at her. When Elizabeth shows up to the Bingley’s in a muddy dressRead MoreEssay about Women ´s Language: A History of Indian-English Women Writers2269 Words   |  10 Pages - Virginia Woolf In ‘A Room of One’s Own’ Viriginia Woolf attempted to write about the history of women’s writing by including real women writers like Jane Austen, George Eliot as well as those who could have existed if they were given the space like Shakespeare’e sister. The epigraph above holds true for Indian-English women writers as well until very recently. The male dominated literary tradition, in India, until the 1970s did not acknowledge the works of women writers andRead MoreCause and Impact Analysis on the Main Character’s Suffering in Elizabeth Gilbert’s Novel Eat, Pray, Love7348 Words   |  30 Pagesitself. Many literary experts had different opinion about literature. In this case, it was related with the time and social condition. Literature itself was correlated with human’s expression. Identical with life, it could be seen that literature was a true picture or replication of human’s life. The focus of literature was mankin d’s life and the problem in it. It described that mankind’s life had many ways of expressing their felling, imagination, creation, and communication definitely the events ofRead MoreIndian English Novel17483 Words   |  70 PagesEnglish novel evolved as a subaltern consciousness; as a reaction to break away from the colonial literature. Hence the post colonial literature in India witnessed a revolution against the idiom which the colonial writers followed. Gradually the Indian English authors began employing the techniques of hybrid language, magic realism peppered with native themes. Thus from a post colonial era Indian literature ushered into the modern and then the post-modern era. The saga of the Indian English novel therefore

Significant Events of the Delaware Colony

The Delaware colony was founded in 1638 by European colonists from the Netherlands and Sweden. Its history includes occupations by the Dutch, Swedish, British—and the colony of Pennsylvania, which included Delaware until 1703. Fast Facts: Delaware Colony Also Known As: New Netherland, New SwedenNamed After: Then-governor of Virginia, Lord de la WarrFounding Country: Netherlands, SwedenFounding Year: 1638First Known European Landing: Samuel ArgallResidential Native Communities: Lenni Lenape and NanticokeFounders: Peter Minuit and the New Sweden CompanyImportant People: James, Duke of York, William Penn Early Arrivals The first European arrivals in the area occurred in the early 17th century when the Dutch were involved in establishing many trading posts and colonies around the world including in North America. Henry Hudson had been hired by the Dutch to explore the New World in 1609 and he discovered and named the Hudson River. By 1611, the Dutch had established fur trading enterprises with the Native Americans called the Lenni Lenape. In 1614, Fort Nassau, on what is the Hudson River near Gloucester, New Jersey, was the earliest Dutch settlement in the New World. Peter Minuit and the New Sweden Company In 1637, Swedish explorers and stockholders created the New Sweden Company to explore and trade in the New World, under a charter with Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus. Adolphus died in 1632, and his daughter and successor Queen Christina took over the charters administration. Christinas chancellor formed the New Sweden Company in 1637 and hired Peter Minuit. Minuit was a German-born Dutch resident likely of French Huguenot ancestry, who had previously been the governor of New Netherland from 1626 to 1631 and is most well known for the purchase of Manhattan Island. In March of 1638, Minuit and his two ships, Key of Kalmar and the Griffin, landed at the mouth of a river they named Christina, in what is now Wilmington and founded the first permanent colony in Delaware. Annexed to New Netherland While the Dutch and Swedes coexisted for some time, the incursion of the Dutch into New Sweden territory saw its leader, Johan Rising, move against some Dutch settlements. In 1655, Peter Stuyvesant, New Netherlands governor, sent armed ships to New Sweden. The colony surrendered without a fight.  Thus, the area that was once New Sweden then became part of New Netherland.   British Ownership The British and Dutch were direct competitors during the 17th century. England felt they had a claim to the prosperous New Netherland territory due to the explorations by John Cabot made in 1498. In 1660, with the restoration of Charles II to the throne of England, the Dutch feared the British would attack their territory and forged an alliance with the French against the British. In response, Charles II  gave his brother, James, the Duke of York, New Netherland in March 1664. This annexation of New Netherland required a show of force. James sent a fleet of ships to New Netherland to demand its surrender. Peter Stuyvesant agreed. While the northern part of the New Netherland was named New York, the lower part was leased to William Penn as the lower counties on the Delaware. Penn wanted access to the sea from Pennsylvania. Thus, the territory was part of Pennsylvania until 1703. In addition, Delaware continued to share a governor with Pennsylvania until the Revolutionary War, even though it had its own representative assembly.   Beginning the War of Independence In October 1765, Delaware sent two delegates to a congress of the colonies in New York to deliberate on a joint colonial response to recent British measures, in particular, the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765. The two men were landholder Caesar Rodney and attorney Thomas McKean: the two men and assemblyman George Read would continue to play a role in the movement for independence.   Delaware declared its independence from Great Britain on June 15, 1776, and signed the declaration of independence with its fellow colonies on July 4. Sources Delaware Facts. Delaware Historical SocietyMunroe, John A. History of Delaware, 5th ed. Cranbury NJ: University of Delaware Press, 2006.Wiener, Roberta and James R. Arnold. Delaware: The History of Delaware Colony, 1638–1776. Chicago, Raintree, 2005.

Caricom Formation Free Essays

Caricom- Caribbean Community and Common Market The formation of Caricom came about when the initial four countries’ governments saw the need for an integration of its members and economies, and the creation of a common market. When the West Indian Federation came to an end in 1962, Caricom was established as a means of regional integration. The West Indian Federation was a political union and consisted of ten countries- which are now states of Caricom- with the exception of Belize, The Bahamas and Guyana. We will write a custom essay sample on Caricom Formation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ending of the Federation meant the beginning of more serious efforts on the part of all Caribbean leaders to strengthen the existing ties among them by providing opportunities for the continuance and sustaining the areas of co-operation. The idea of Caricom was proposed by the Government of Trinidad and Tobago when it announced its withdrawal from the West Indian Federation. Hence, the first Heads of Government Conference was summoned by the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. This conference was attended by the leaders of Barbados, British Guiana, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. These four countries agreed that there was an immense necessitate for closer co-operation in the Caribbean region. At the eighth Heads of Government Conference in Georgetown, Guyana in April 1973, the decision to establish Caricom was authorized with the signing of the Georgetown Accord. Caricom was finally established on July 04, 1973 with the signing of the Treaty of Chaguaramas. This treaty was signed by the Heads of Government of Barbados- Mr. Errol Barrow, Guyana- Mr. Forbes Burnham, Jamaica- Mr. Michael Manley and Trinidad and Tobago- Dr. Eric Williams. After many years of existence, Caricom has extended to fifteen members of state. Members of State of Caricom Name of Country| Capital City| Name of Head of State| Head of Government | Date of Membership| Antigua And Barbuda| St. John’s| Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack, Governor-General| Winston Baldwin Spencer| 4th July, 1974| The Bahamas| Nassau| H. E. Sir Arthur A. Foulkes, GCMC, Governor General| Perry G. Christie| 4th July, 1983| Name of Country| Capital City| Name of Head of State| Head of Government | Date of Membership| Barbados| Bridgetown| H. E. Ellliot Belgrave, Governor General| Freundel Stuart| 1st August, 1973| Belize| Belmopan| H. E. Sir Colville N. Young Snr. Governor General| Dean Oliver Barrow| 1stMay, 1974| Dominica| Roseau| H. E. Dr. Nicholas Joseph Orville Liverpool, DAH, President| Roosevelt Skerrit| 1st May,1974| Grenada| St. George’s| H. E Sir Carlye Glean GCMG, Governor General | Tillman Thomas| 1st May,1974| Guyana| Georgetown | His Excellency Donald Ramotar| 1st August,1973| Haiti | Port-au-Prince| His Excellency Michel Josep h MartellyPresident| July, 2002| Jamaica| Kingston| The Most Honorable Patrick Linton Allen, ON, GCMG, CD – Governor General| The Most Honorable Portia Simpson – MillerPrime Minister| 1st August,1973| Montserrat| Plymouth| H. E. Mr. Adrian Derek Davis, Governor| Honorable Reuben Meade Premier| 1st May,1974| Saint Lucia | Castries| H. E. Dame Perlette Louisy, GCMG, PhD, Governor General| Dr. The Honorable Kenny D. AnthonyPrime Minister| 1st May,1974| St Kitts And Nevis| Basseterre| H. E. Sir Cuthbert Montraville Sebastian, Governor General| The Right Honorable. Dr. Denzil Llewllyn DouglasPrime Minister| 26th July,1974| St. Vincent and the Grenadines| Kingstown| Sir Frederick Nathaniel Ballantyne, Governor General| Dr. the Honorable Ralph E. GonsalvesPrime Minister| 1st May,1974| Suriname| Paramaribo| His Excellency Desire Delano Bouterse President| 4th July,1995| Trinidad and Tobago| | His Excellency George Maxwell Richards, TC, CMT, PhD President| Honorable Kamla Persad-BissessarPrime Minister| 1st August ,1973| Caricom also has its Associate Members (located in the territories of the United Kingdom): * Anguilla * Bermuda * British Virgin Islands, * Cayman Islands and * Turks and Caicos Islands Caricom Secretariat The Caricom Secretariat is the principal administrative organ of the ommunity and is headed by a Secretary General, who is the CEO of the community. The Caricom Secretariat is located in Guyana and the current Secretary General is Ambassador Irwin LaRocque, a national of Dominica. Functions of the Caricom Secretariat * Initiate, organize and conduct studies. * Provide, on request, services to Members of State of Caricom on matters of the community. * Collect, store and disseminate relevant information to Memb er States. * Mobilize resources from donor agencies to assist in the implementation of Community Programmes. * Conduct, as mandated, fact-finding assignments in Member States. Offices and Directorates Offices * Secretary-General * Deputy Secretary-General * General Counsel * Office of Trade Negotiations | Directorates * Foreign and Community Relations * Human and Social Development * Trade and Economic Integration * Caribbean Forum of African, Caribbean and Pacific States   (CARIFORUM)| Reference â€Å"Caricom Member States† 2011, Caricom. org. http://www. caricom. org/jsp/community/member_states. jsp? menu=community â€Å"Formation of Caricom† May 2006, Scribd. com http://www. scribd. com/doc/2905473/Introduction-to-CARICOM-CSME How to cite Caricom Formation, Papers

What is Crime free essay sample

How can we best define crime? Discuss. The Extort English dictionary defines crime as an act punishable by law, as being forbidden by statute or injurious to the public welfare, an evil act; an offense, a sin, an act can only be considered a crime when identified as such by law. An act was defined a crime in the old testament with the creation of the Ten Commandments. This was when it was literally set into stone that numerous acts became a crime against God, the first rules of the world. Crimes are now defined as crimes with the help of the legal system and certain pieces of legislature and cannot always serially be traced back to the Ten commandments. Crime now has abundant definitions, the most obvious being crime as criminal law volatile The Hag worldwide Legal Directories website delineates criminal law as encompassing the rules and statutes written by Congress and state legislators dealing with any criminal activity that causes harm to the general public, with penalties. Therefore to violate criminal law, the individual would be engaging in behavior that is prohibited by the criminal law. However it has recently become extremely difficult to determine what is now received as d crime. Crime has no universal or objective existence but is relative to the subjective contingencies of social and historical circumstance, this Is crime as historical Intervention. For example, causing death of another Individual, whether by neglect or with full Intention Is a crime, however It Is almost Justifiable and on many occasions heroic when practiced in warfare_ This is reiterated with the recent poaching ban, poaching only became criminals through the convergence of new class and power interests in the 18th Century. James Treadwell argues this point as a ornithologist and indicates that specific acts that were once socially acceptable are now becoming criminals, crime is not static or fixed, it constantly changes. Things that once were not criminals become so, such as pedophilia grooming victims on the Internet.. .Slumlords, activities, which were Illegal. May become legal, such as consenting homosexual behavior between men. These arguments make It hard to define what crime Is as the rules of crime are ever-changing The ICC published an online article that illustrates the extent to which crime is uneasily denned, a hundred ears ago you could buy opium and cocaine over the counter at Harrows. Acts which are perfectly legal here may be serious crimes in other countries and vice versa. To help us understand what makes a crime a crime, Cesar Limbos, an Italian criminologist introduced to the idea of positivism, the social reaction to classicism. Classicism Is the theory that the punishment for a crime should reflect the severity of sell crime. This concept west developed during the transition from feudalism to capitalism and Is a strong believer that each Individual chooses whether to commit a rime or not as every person Is raised In society that outlines the difference between right and wrong. The criticism tort this concept is argued that at what age do you become criminally responsible, for example the horrific act of the two young boys that committed a severe crime when kidnapping and torturing Jamie Bulgier. The boys were eleven at the time, therefore as children they unfortunately served half the legal system believing they were not fully responsible as they had been raised in broken homes. The contrasting theory to this is that of Positivism, the scientific approach to crime. This concept developed by Limbos attempts to look at the genetic or biological explanation for a criminal gene. This concept is harshly criticized as many members of the public deem this as treating criminality as an illness. Limbos published a book in which he makes sever references to the concept of positivism and argues that people are wrong to fear that, positivism encourages communistic ideas and even worse criminal behavior. This became the birth of criminology. Treadwell discusses Lumbagos work and informs us that his work is still being studied to the modern day, Lumbagos work could be placed under the eating of biological criminology, investigations of the causes of criminality using more sophisticated research methods.. Have continued to be developed in the twentieth century. Tim Newbury wrote that Edwin Sutherland defined criminology as, the study of the making of laws, the breaking of laws, and of societys reaction to the breaking of laws. Crime can also be defined as social harm. For example, we ask the question are tobacco companies selling harmful products that are in turn, effectively killing us, murderers. Is this a crime? This is known as the crime of elation to human rights, therefore a further definition could be health and safety issues in the workplace. This is reiterated when we discuss White collar crime. We struggle to define crime as crime is an act that breaches the criminal law, however many of the people we put in charge of running our countries or deciding these criminal laws are in fact themselves committing crimes. If this is so, why are these crimes socially acceptable? The offenses of these crimes tend to be invisible or painfully difficult to trace. They are often committed by persons of high social status ND respectability therefore they find it easier to evade persecution. White collar crime is often broken down into, embezzlement, breaches of health and safety and environmental crimes. Papal was identified as one of the worst industrial accidents this world had witnessed. The 1984 incident that killed 8000 people instantly and injuring a further 200000 was believed an accident due to the lethal gases leaking from Union Carbides pesticide factory. For 20 years after this tragedy, an estimated 30 people a month were believed to have died from lung disease, brain damage, cancer, all linking to the gas leak of 1984. This accident was contested in court yet the people involved have yet to receive a settlement fee and not one person was held responsible for this mass homicide. Newbury records Papal as a crime and a major industrial disaster in his book as he files it under the heading, environmental crime. This helps us to define crime as a class issue due to crimes of the powerful having greater potential to cause more harm than crimes of the less powerful. Newbury furthermore analyses hidden crimes within criminology, Criminology has been regularly, roundly and rightly criticized for this preoccupation: a concern with the rimes of the powerless rather than the powerful, with the crimes of the streets rather than the crimes of the suites. The Marxist concept of this is crime as an ideological censure, that acts would only be defined a crime when in the interest of the ruling classes at that period of time. These crimes remain hidden for various reasons. The diffusion of responsibility meaner that is extremely difficult to legally and about are in the media and corporate crime simply does not sell. Media coverage creates moral panic and fear of crime. To define crime we often look to the media to decipher their reaction on a specific incident. However, although crime consumes an enormous amount of media space as both entertainment and news, concepts of crime are mediated by profit margins. Due to only crimes that are considered to grasp the attention of the general public being reported, this effects what we as an individual define as a crime. Treadwell argues that, most media institutions seek to attract as wide an audience as possible to maximize their profits.. .To attract and retain audiences media products have to entertain, be dramatic or exciting , and sometimes cause outright shock. Therefore as crime is seemingly a troubling aspect f our life this would seem the most appropriate topic to cover. Treadwell labels this concept, newsworthiness. He goes on to discuss that, Today, crime stories are increasingly selected and produced as media events on the basis of their visual .. S well as their lexical-verbal . Potential. There is a vivid and highly complex relationship between the media and the criminal Justice system. A further more obvious way in which we can define crime is by the Home Office statistics. The Home Office websites defines themselves as, the lead government department for immigration and passports, drugs policy, crime, counter-terrorism and police. The two main methods of collecting the criminal data that feature in the Home Office are victim surveys and statistics recorded by the police force. However, only particular offenses, serious crimes are reported by the police to the Home Office statistics, not the summary offenses that are heard in the Courts. Police are also under the instruction to record every allegation they hear and many police officers do not believe a number of allegations or there may be a lack of evidence and many times the victims decide to not press charges therefore they see it unfit to record it as a crime. Furthermore a crime is only a crime when officially recorded and since most victims do not report crimes there is a dark figure of crime that remains unknown. The reasons to why victims fail to report their crimes can be broken down into three categories: embarrassment, unworthiness and failure to realize. If a victim has been sexually abused or raped they may fail to report this as they may be overwhelmed with a feeling of embarrassment or in certain religious cultures it may bring shame upon a family. Some victims also feel the nature of their crime isnt worthy of police mime, such as rowdy neighbors or petty theft. Finally, if a person is a victim of identity theft, nine times out of ten they fail to realize and therefore have nothing to report. In conclusion, a crime only seemingly exists when society perceive it as a crime or a great reaction to an act therefore labels it as one. An act is often acceptable until labeled as morally wrong by a social group. At some time or another, some society somewhere has defined almost all forms of behavior that we now call criminal as desirable for the functioning of that society, (Williams (1964:46)), his would be crime as a violation of moral codes. In the BBC article written by Mark Gaston, he reiterates that, one cultures crime is another cultures social norm. This concept is crime as a social construct. In 1963 Becker created the Labeling Theory which illustrated that crime is dependent upon social reaction and that the societal consensus is regularly challenged. At the beginning of my essay I provided the concepts I have reached the conclusion that there is no right or wrong answer to define crime. The dictionary defines crime as punishable by law yet also defines rime as a sin. A person will be prosecuted for an act that does not abide by the legislation set up by the criminal Justice system, however an individual may go to church to repent a sin that is only deemed as a crime within their religious culture. Crime will forever be surrounded by questions of social order, it will always be contested and people will always wonder how it can be perceived due to the fact that societys vision of crime changes with the growth and development of society. Crime is elusive, contested and an ever moving concept that is tied to our social processes.